INTELECTUAL GROUP DRUGS RESEARCH

SOLUTION

2010-03-28T10:31:00.001-07:00

Firstly, we need to organize more and more motivation programmes. A lot of our teenagers cannot motivate their own self because they have lack of knowlegde. So, as a intelectual person, even we cannot organize the programme by ourself, we should suggest the ways to settle down or at least decrease this problem before it be more critical.

Secondly, we also can organize interactive campaign to interact them to join our event. Maybe we can start with games, competition and so on that can aware their own heart about the dangers of drugs.

Thirdly, the responsible party also can discribe or expose more about the punishment. The explaination maybe can touch their heart to be hate to drugs. Say no to drugs!

And lastly, we should be open minded to give another chance to ex-drug addicts to start their life once again. It must be something that is very important to give them our support and to make sure they can stand by themselves.

ANOTHER SOCIAL PROBLEMS THAT START USING DRUGS

2010-03-28T10:26:00.000-07:00

In our country there are many mothers and wives killed by the road due to falling mat rempit. Besides that, according Utusan Malaysia newspaper 9th December 2009 writes the number of drug addicts has increased and the snatcher has increased five people per day. Criminology Lecturer Science University of Malaysia , Assoc. Prof. Dr. P. Sundramoorthy said, 70% of snatch cases in Malaysia is done by drug addicts. Inspector General of Police Tan Sri Musa Hassan said as long as the drug addicts exist, perhaps they will cause the criminal cases. This shows that the increase of snatch cases was caused by drug abuse.

Secondly, social problems such as theft is also related to drug addiction cases. Based on Anti Gangsterism’s blog, they found that those influenced by syabu has increased parallel to the stolen cases. It is because, when they are addicted, but at the same time they do not have any money, so, they were take their action to steal to buy a drugs. This article shows, the drugs is one of the reasons why the criminal cases in our country such as stealing has increased.

Thirdly, robbery also can occur with drug abuse. It is because when somebody tries to buy drugs but they also do not have any money, so the last method they try is robbery. Initially, they only steal but the victim fights, and addicts are forced to injure their victims to earn money. It is because drug addicts don’t have other ways to get money to buy drugs. So, they are able to endeavour to find a way to get drugs.

Next, murder cases also can increase when someone takes drug wrongly. There are some cases, when the drug addicts try to ask money from their parents to buy a drug, but their parents refuse, they killed their parents to get the money. Besides that, when they are under drug influence, they are do not know what they have done to all people around them.

Lastly, when the drug addicts were reach the high feeling of imagination do not know about what they do. So when they see a girl walking in front then, they decide to rape. It is because they enjoy their feeling as much as they can. That is what they imagine, but how about the girl? The case, of course destroys their own life ever.

COMPARISON DRUGS ADDICTION BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND BRUNEI

2010-02-07T16:42:00.000-08:00

Now, we want to share the results that we already found. First questions, Why should we expose and explain more about drug abuse among people? As we know, a lot of people outside there are missing their information about drugs. We as a intelectual people should be responsible to give them more knowledge about this focus topics.

Today, this problem happens often at many place like town or village. The government cannot settle this problem until now. Firstly, using drug wrongly without doctor advices can give many effects human. As we know, drugs can give benefit for people if we use it without doctor advice. Now a days, the people do not go to clinic or hospital medical check-up because they have to go through many steps like making an appointment, so this can take a long the time to see a doctor. Finally, they just go to the pharmacy and buy a medicine. Sometimes, we do not problem health, so this can give disadvantage if we take the wrong medicine because medicine might be not suitable with human body. So the people must see doctor because he or she can suggest the suitable medicine. This can cause people to use the drugs wrongly.

Second is a taking overdose drugs. For example, for this case happens many times for people who are sick such as cough, fever and flu. The people take many medicine because their health have not recovered. So, they make the decision to decision to take overdose drug because they want to recover. But, the cell in the body cannot receive too many medicine. After that, this case many happen among athletes. They take a drug to enhance the energy. They do not know, after they take overdose drugs can damage cell in the body until can result in death.

Next, distribute drugs among people who have low awareness about that the dangers of drugs. Today, you can see many cases of a drug addicts at any place like is a city or village. This case is not only from the man, but this case may occur among the women. Try to think together, why does the problem very increase every year? How to settle this problem?

Now a days you can see this problem from the news at television, internet and article. The government do not settle this case until now. Many programs already are organized, but this problem cannot be settled. For example, you can see at the village like Felda. We know at this place has many second generation like teenagers who have low awareness about the dangers of drug. They do not have knowledge about it. This problem begins individually from the city and they go to the village and try to sell the drug to teenagers. Firstly, this person just sell the drugs very cheaply because they want to attract the teenagers to try the drug and buy it. In this case, we cannot blame the government or family. But, the government must to take more action immediately to settle this problem to organize any program about drugs. In the program, the government must give many information to teenager about the drug. So, this can be to clean the drug addict in the place. The society must cooperate with the government and police.

The government can give stiff penalty or punishment for those involved like is a death. This penalty is very suitable to those involved because this can give to instruction to people.

This is a statistics comparison between Malaysia and Brunei. Sometimes we don’t think very positive and professional. Many problems happen because the people have many problem like is individual, family, work and money. This is a source can be individual to take a drug. This statistics have categories such as teenagers, local people, permanent resident, foreigners and other. Drug addict by the teenagers are 643 people in Malaysia compared to Brunei is 103 people . This is because the teenagers do not find it easy to buy the drugs. After that, they do not have a lot of money to buy the drugs and also many teenagers now have knowledge about dangers of drugs.

By the local people, we can see in the Malaysia have 2572 people who are drug addict compared to 279 people in Brunei. From the local people, we can see the drug addict are most high. This is because, these people find it easy to buy the drugs from any place like nightclubs. After that, they are very stressed and try to take drugs because they want to settle this problem. But this cannot be settled and can give many problems. Then, they have money to buy a drugs.

From the permanent residents in Malaysia, there are 1396 people who are drug addicts compared to only 52 people in Brunei. After that, foreign in Malaysia has only 96 people compared to 40 people in Brunei. Then for others in Malaysia 669 people are drug addicts compared to in Brunei only 3 people are drug addicts.

http://www.psychiatry-malaysia.org

http://www.freewebs.com

DISADVANTAGES OF DRUGS

2010-02-07T15:53:00.000-08:00

1.BIOIDENTICAL EFFECTIVENESS

The FDA requires that a generic have an effectiveness range of between 80% and 125% of the effectiveness of the original drugs. This means a drug that delivers only 80% of the therapeutic punch of the original is acceptable to the FDA. For most drugs, this may not cause problems and you still get the clinical benefit. However, there are a list of drugs that have a very narrow therapeutic window, and substitution with generics should be carefully discussed with your doctor. Generic substitutions are not recommended to replace some drugs, including Levothyroxine (hypothyroidism treatment), Quinidine and Clomidine (cardiovascular drugs), Phenytoin (seizure medication), Warfarin (blod clot prevention) and Theopylline (breathing treatment for asthma). This problem was very dangerous and can make our body function getting worse.

2. SIDE EFFECTS FROM INACTIVE INGREDIENTS

The FDA doesn't require that manufacturers of generics use the same inert ingredients to compound the drug. Inert or non-active ingredients are important because they determine how the drug is dissolved and delivered to the target organs. So even if the amount of active ingredient is identical in the generic and original drug, the reformulated drug may not be as effective in delivering the same dose. Furthermore, some people may have allergic reactions to different inert ingredients in the generic formulation.

3. EXPIRED DRUGS

Virtual pharmacies sometimes import counterfeit drugs into the US drug supply; these importations may also damage drug safety on an international level. They also import cheap foreign replicas of many U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs; this can pose a serious health risk to consumers. The dispensation of drugs from a pharmacist to a person they don’t know or have not seen, can prove to be very dangerous. Many of these imported drugs are also expired orcontaminated and stored under unsafe or inappropriate conditions. The drugs which are dispensed without a prescription by a doctor eliminates the possibility of being checked by a licensed professional, and treated accordingly, resulting in patients not receiving appropriate medications, and not being aware of the dangers associated with improper administration. Another drawback to using an online pharmacy is, that you get what you buy, there is no way for you to return it, as there is no forwarding address.

4. USING PSYCHIATRIC DRUGS

Tranquilizers and Sleeping Pills

Today's hectic schedules and external pressures put great strain on the human body, often resulting in stress and agitation. Surveys show that 15.6% of people use tranquilizers to relieve anxiety. Of this percent, 39% use them daily, and 78% admitted to taking tranquilizers for more than a year. Most tranquilizers belong to a chemical family called benzodiazapines, although more common names include Valium, Librium, Xanax and Halcium. Sleeping pills, another common type of tranquilizers, include sedatives known as barbiturates, buspirone, Diphenhydramine, Hydrozyzine and Meprobamate.

Although confirming their popularity, studies question the efficacy of tranquilizers and sleeping pills. Evidence suggests that even the most potent tranquilizers are ineffective after periods of four months and sleeping pills have been shown to lose efficacy after only two to four weeks. In addition to limited performance, tranquilizers and sleeping pills can cause a multitude of side effects, such as low blood pressure, hip fracture, liver disease, allergies and breathing problems. Mind-altering effects include decreased mental functioning, forgetfulness, withdrawal syndrome and lack of coordination. Alarmingly, approximately 16,000 auto accidents each year are attributed to the use of psychoative drugs such as tranquilizers and sleeping pills.

Studies also shows that tranquilizers are unnecessary under most circumstances. In fact, in many studies, patients responded to placebos as well as they did to actual tranquilizers, proof that the therapeutic effects of tranquilizers don't merit their harmful effects. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "anxiety is a normal response to stress, and only when it is severe and disabling should it lead to drug treatment."

Antipsychotic Drugs

Antipsychotics drugs are another example of treatment clouded by misconception and misdiagnosis. Although intended to treat only serious mental illness, such as schizophrenia, an estimated 750,000 people over the age of sixty-five regularly use antipsychotics drugs. This figure is alarming considering that approximately 92,000 people over the age of sixty five have been clinically diagnosed with schizophrenia. Experts believe that many people wrongly turn to antipsychotic drugs after experiencing symptoms similar to schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and confusion, when in many cases, these symptoms are side-effects induced by other drugs the consumers take regularly.

Adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs include nerve damage, tartive dyskinesia (difficulty in chewing or swallowing), loss of balance, muscular fatigue, delirium and Parkinson's disease. One study found that 36% of patients with drug-induced Parkinson's had been using antipsychotic drugs when diagnosed with the disease. Assuming that the patients had classic Parkinson's, doctors tried to treat the illness with another drugs, rather than stopping the antipsychotic drugs causing the symptoms.

Antidepressants

Although a very real illness, the cause and symptoms of depression are also frequently misunderstood. As with other mental disorders, many cases of depression are actually caused by drugs used to treat other ailments. Depression is associated with a long list of medications, including, barbiturates, tranquilizers, corticosteroids, diet drugs and painkillers. Other types of depression may be triggered by thyroid disorders, cancer, hepatitis or other form of illness. It is critical to define the underlying causes of the depression before administering treatment.

Adverse effects of antidepressants include low blood pressure, irregular heart rate, enlarged prostate, nausea, blurred vision, worsening of glaucoma, dry mouth, disorientation, loss of memory and fatigue. The safety and efficacy of an antidepressant can only be determined after obtaining both a careful and detailed history of the patient and a complete knowledge about the available medicines and their indications.

http://www.livestrong.com

http://en.wikipedia.org

http://ezinearticles.com

ADVANTAGE OF DRUGS

2010-02-07T13:15:00.000-08:00

1. Uses For Medicine

Vaginal spermicides are a type of contraceptive (birth control). These products are inserted into the vagina before any genital contact occurs or sexual intercourse begins. They work by damaging and killing sperm in the vagina. Therefore, the sperm are not able to travel from the vagina into the uterus and fallopian tubes, where fertilization usually takes place.

Vaginal spermicides when used alone are much less effective in preventing pregnancy than birth control pills or the IUD or spermicides used with another form of birth control, such as cervical caps, condoms, or diaphragms. Studies have shown that when spermicides are used alone, pregnancy usually occurs in 21 of each 100 women during the first year of spermicide use. The number of pregnancies is reduced when spermicides are used with another method, especially the condom. Discuss with a doctor what your options are for birth control and the risks and benefits of each method.

Laboratory studies have shown that nonoxynol 9 kills or stops the growth of the AIDS virus (HIV) and herpes simplex I and II viruses. It was also shown to be effective against other types of organisms that cause gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, trichomoniasis, and other sexually transmitted diseases (venereal disease, VD, STDs). Benzalkonium chloride also killed the AIDS virus in laboratory studies. Although this has not been proven in human studies, some scientistsbelieve that if spermicides are put into the vagina or on the inside and outside of a latex (rubber) condom, they may kill these germs before they are able to come in contact with the vagina or rectum (lower bowel).

The most effective way to protect yourself against STDs (such as AIDS) is by abstinence (not having sexual intercourse) or by having one partner who you can be sure is not already infected or is not going to get an STD. However, if either of these methods is not likely or possible, using latex (rubber) condoms with a spermicide is the best way of protecting yourself.

The use of a spermicide is recommended even when you are using nonbarrier methods of birth control such as birth control pills (the Pill) or intrauterine devices (IUDs), since these do not offer any protection from STDs.

The safety of using spermicides in the rectum (lower bowel), anus, or rectal area is not known. However, no side effects or problems have been reported that are different from those reported for use in the vagina.

Vaginal spermicides are available without a prescription.

Before Using This Medicine

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

These products have been used by teenagers and have not been shown to cause different side effects or problems than they do in adults. However, some younger users may need extra counseling and information on the importance of using spermicides exactly as they are supposed to be used so they will work properly.

Pregnancy

Many studies have shown that the use of vaginal spermicides does not increase the risk of birth defects or miscarriage.

Breast Feeding

It is not known if vaginal spermicides pass into breast milk in humans. However, their use has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies.

Interactions with Medicines

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

2. Drugs for Beauty

Top

Like it or not, many people want to improve their looks with the help of biology, and pharmaceutical companies look set to help them. Regulatory bodies need to catch up.

They want to be pert, they want to be taut, they want glossy manes into their 60s. And they want balms, dyes and depilatories that will help them achieve it. Some might dismiss it as vanity, but society's increasing preoccupation with looks is fuelling a booming business in cosmetic drugs, or 'cosmeceuticals', worth $3.4 billion last year in the United States alone.

Cosmeceuticals lurk in the shadowy ground between drugs and cosmetics. Allergan's Botox, which flattens furrowed foreheads, is one example. Merck's Propecia for balding pates is another, as are off-the-shelf skin creams with active biological ingredients.

Those who add a prescription cosmeceutical to their morning routine can have real hope of seeing results. But the enticing skincare aisles of your local drugstore tell a different story: dermatologists confess that some 90% of ingredients in anti-ageing creams are little more than overpriced petroleum jelly. Why, when you slather on jelly for wrinkles, do you need to smear on a healthy dose of scepticism?

Cosmeceutical manufacturers must shoulder much of the blame, for trying to sidestep drug regulations. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) defines drugs as agents intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease, or that affect the structure or function of the body. Cosmetics escape the rigorous trials demanded of a drug because they are assumed only to alter our appearance. But the system falls down for cosmeceuticals, because it is the manufacturers — not the FDA — who decide whether a product is classed as drug or cosmetic. A cream that claims to cure eczema is a drug; if it claims to promote healthy skin, it is a cosmetic. This bizarre situation means that, although some cosmetics companies have excellent R&D arms, many are dissuaded from finding genuinely active ingredients, or advertising their properties if they do, for fear of having to undergo expensive drug trials. This also fuels the pseudo-science that is used to hype cosmetics.

This state of affairs must change. Cosmeceutical manufacturers should show that their ingredients genuinely work, or find some that do. The FDA should revise its outdated regulations to enforce this, so that all biologically active ingredients, whether drugs or cosmetics, have to prove their worth. Consumers are helpless to tell fact from fiction in today's non-prescription creams, so there is a market for prescription drugs with proven cosmetic powers. A few pharmaceutical and cosmetics giants, including Pfizer and L'Oreal, are embarking on research to fill this niche. Some people might argue that pharmaceutical companies should concentrate on curing deadly diseases, not feeding society's body paranoia. But if there is money in the beauty parlour, they are likely to pursue it (see page 990).

Perhaps a more thorny dilemma will face doctors who have to decide whether to prescribe cosmetic drugs to patients who demand them for wrinkles or baldness. As with any non-essential therapy, national or private health insurers can exclude them from coverage. But doctors and medical ethicists must consider whether they have the right to refuse a prescription to patients willing to pay.

The dilemmas thrown up by cosmeceuticals will become more pressing as biologists reveal the secrets behind wilting skin and barren follicles — and the molecules that might revamp them. Our attitudes are outdated. Consumers should demand more from their $20-a-pot unguents. And when 'real' cosmeceuticals are created, doctors, industry and regulators should work together to ensure that they are effective and accessible.

3. SPIRITUAL AND RELIGIOUS USE

The spiritual and religious use of drugs has been occurring since the dawn of our species. Drugs that are considered to have spiritual or religious use are called entheogens. Some religions are based completely on the use of certain drugs. Entheogens are mostlyhallucinogens, being either psychedelics or deliriants, but some are also stimulants and sedatives.

4. HUMAN COGNITIVE IMPROVEMENT

Nootropics, also commonly referred to as "smart drugs", are drugs that are claimed to improve human cognitive abilities. Nootropics are used to improve memory, concentration, thought, mood, learning, and many other things. Some nootropics are now beginning to be used to treat certain diseases such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. They are also commonly used to regain brain function lost during aging.

http://www.drugs.com

http://www.nature.com

http://en.wikipedia.org

Types of Drugs

2010-01-17T06:52:00.000-08:00

Listed below are some of the most common types of drugs/substances abused. With the unending number of drugs being manufactured in makeshift "street" laboratories everyday, it is impossible to list them all. The absence of your drug of choice from this site does not exclude your drug abuse from being equally as life-threatening and serious.

Alcohol
Any number of intoxicating beverages, including beer, wine, whiskey, gin, vodka, etc. Primary effect is as a sedative.

Club Drugs
This term refers to an influx of designer drugs including MDMA (Ecstasy), GHB, Rohypnol (Ruffies), Clarity, and Ketamine (Special K). Because most of these drugs are colorless, flavorless, and odorless, they can be added to beverages undetected. All effect the central nervous system and act as stimulant and hallucinogen.

Cocaine (Powder)
Cocaine is one of the most powerful stimulants found in nature. Cocaine is derived from Coca plant leaves. The leaves are treated with salt and gasoline and allowed to sit. The liquid is later drained and refined into cocaine base. Cocaine base can be smoked but typically is refined into a powder form. Powder cocaine (HCL) is inhaled into the nasal passages or can be dissolved in water and injected into the body via a syringe. Because of cocaine's high melting point, it cannot be smoked. In order to be smoked, it must be altered using the chemical process known as freebasing. Freebasing involves mixes the cocaine with other solvents over a heat source. This process can (and often is) deadly for the abuser.

Crack Cocaine
Powder cocaine cannot be smoked unless chemically altered--thus crack cocaine. A chemically altered form of powder cocaine that is a hard, rock-like substance that is easy to handle and conceal. Crack cocaine is smokeable and creates an intense, immediate high. Because crack cocaine is nearly pure cocaine, doses are smaller and cheaper to obtain than cocaine. Crack cocaine can be instantly addictive.

Depressants/Sedative/Hypnotics
These drugs interact with the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) to depress cognitive activities. They include sedatives (used to make a person calm or drowsy) and tranquilizers (intended to reduce tension and anxiety). Sometimes called "downers" or "benzos" (short for benzodiazepine) these drugs come in tablet, capsule or liquid form. Some drugs in this category are: Xanax, Valium, Halcion, Librium, Ativan, Klonopin, Seroquel, Zyprexa, Seconal, Phenobarbital, Amytal, and Haldol.

Hashish
Hashish is produced from the THC-rich secretions of the Cannabis plant (marijuana plant). Hashish is the resinous substance taken from the tops of female plants, which contains the highest concentration of THC. "Hash" is usually sold in balls or cakes. Most commonly used by smoking (pipe, bong) or ingesting (eating foods containing hash).

Inhalants
Common inhalants include some types of model cement, cooking sprays, hair spray, deodorant, liquid paper, aerosol sprays, paint, paint thinner, gasoline, and solvents. Inhalants are used by spraying or pouring the substance on a rag and the vapors (fumes) inhaled. This induces a short-lived, light-headed euphoric state in the abuser.
Heroin
Heroin, a semi-synthetic opium, is derived from morphine. Heroin is smoked, inhaled, or injected by the abuser.
LSD
LSD is a synthetic psychotropic, or mind-altering, drug. Due to its extremely high potency, LSD users may be "high" anywhere from 4-14 hours on one dose. LSD is usually sold in the following forms: liquid (small, glass vials); thin squares of gelatin ("hits"), referred to as "windowpane"; small square pieces of paper--commonly referred to as "blotter" acid.

Marijuana
Next to tobacco and alcohol, marijuana is the most popular chemical substance chosen for regular use. Marijuana comes from the Hemp plant and its content of THC found in the leaves and flowering shoots of the plant. Most commonly used by smoking (joint, pipe, bong) or ingestion (eating foods containing marijuana, example-brownies). Marijuana effects the central nervous system and gives the user a false sense of euphoria, relaxation, and increased visual, auditory, and taste perceptions. In actuality, the marijuana diminishes coordination, visual tracking, and loss of energy. Some users experience paranoia, delirium, and hallucinations.

Methamphetamines (Crystal Meth)

Methamphetamines are highly addictive man-made chemical stimulants. The street versions of these compounds are cooked up in clandestine "kitchens" using a variety of hazardous and volatile chemicals. These stimulants can be inhaled, smoked, and injected by the abuser.

Mushrooms

Psilocybin or "magic" mushrooms are found in a variety of environments and, like Peyote, produce similar effects as LSD but not quite to the same degree. The mushrooms are usually ingested but may be dried and smoked.

Narcotics
Though commonly used to refer to all drugs---narcotics are those drugs which are derived from opium (derivatives or synthetics). Commonly encountered narcotics include: Opium, morphine, codeine, heroin, Dilaudid, Demerol, Percodan, methadone, and Darvon.

Opioids

The most powerful prescription painkillers are opioids, which are made to react on the nervous system the same way as opium, morphine (a powerful painkiller that is highly addictive) or heroin. These medications include include oxycodone, hydrocodone, and mepreridine. The common brand names are Oxycontin, Percocet, Roxicet, Roxiprin, Vicodin, Dilaudid, etc.

Opium
Opium is harvest from unripe seed pods of the Poppy plant. Opium can either be injected in its raw form (gum-like) or smoked. PCP (Angel Dust) Phencyclidine, commonly referred to as PCP or Angel Dust, is considered to be the most unpredictable drug on the street because of its effect of the user. PCP can be found in liquid (most toxic), gum, or powdered form. Liquid PCP is often applied to cigarettes as a means of ingestion. In powder form, PCP is commonly mixed with marijuana and smoked. PCP is often masqueraded as LSD or THC. The gum form of PCP may vary in color from a light tan to a dark brown/black.

Prescription Drugs
Prescription drug abuse is a modern-day plague with estimates of up to six million Americans have or currently abuse prescription medications. Many prescription drug addicts legitimize their use because of "doctor's orders". It is not uncommon for these abusers to exhibit drug seeking behaviors--going to several doctors, emergency rooms, and/or clinics reporting lost or stolen prescriptions, increased pain, etc in an effort to obtain their drug. For those addicts in the medical field or with access to prescription medications, stealing medications or self-prescribing medications is not uncommon. Many prescription addicts use multiple pharmacies to hide the amount and frequency of their use. Signs and symptoms of prescription addiction vary due to the different types of medications (hypnotic, sedative, amphetamine, etc). The most commonly abused prescription drugs are pain killers, depressants, stimulants, and antidepressants.

Information obtained from the Foundation for a Drug-Free World.

The Role of Drug Education

2010-01-17T06:40:00.000-08:00

There were two thinks that we should know about drug education role :

1) Drug Misuse : supply information as to what a particular drug can do and what it is unable to do, analyze motivations separating underlying need fulfillment from socially acceptable excuses, provide the stimulus for students to clarify their values concerning health, risk-taking behavior, and drugs so that rational decision-making processes can be developed.

2) Drug Use : The drug education program can examine reason for use, social acceptability, attitudes toward drugs, and historical development of practices and attitudes, and compare the benefits with the physical, phychological, social, and legal drawbacks.

Reference : Drug Education, Content and Methods ( Daniel A. Girdano ; Dorothy Dusek : 1980 )

OBJECTIVE RESEARCH

2010-01-10T07:27:00.000-08:00

Our objective to find out about drugs :

a) To give information to our people about drugs.

b) To find out the ways to decrease and solve the drug addiction problems.

c) To compare drugs utilization statistics results among Malaysia and Brunei.

d) To gain more knowledge about social problems that start using drug.

POISON THAT CAN SAVE OR FINISH OUR LIVES

2010-01-05T14:56:00.000-08:00

Drugs?? Is it problem solver or siries killer?? Let's we know, actually, drugs is " poisons that can save our lives ". We see for the part in Drugs books :

" In the emergency room, a physician bends over an unconciuos two-years-old. The child's breathing is rapid and shallow, his pulse is pounding. His terrified parents, huddled nearby, can say only that the boy shallowed " some pills ". ( Walter Modell, Alfred Lansing ; 1967 ).

In this case, the children were cause with something that very dangerous for all children ; drugs = poison. Drugs was element that very useful in medical courses and physical science, but there were somebody outside the limited courses use it for another function ; use it wrongly.

WELCOME TO OUR BLOG..DRUGS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA

2010-01-05T03:06:00.000-08:00

Assalammualaikum and very good evening.

Now a day, a lot of social problems exist in Malaysia including drug addiction. This is very critical problems that can destroy our country. If we find out our statistic data from * the statistic books, we can see, our the percentage of drug addicts are increasing every year. As we know, drugs are something very important in medical courses. But it can be the silent killer if our people outside there use it wrongly, especially our university students. So, to expose more about this problems, let's we find out all the information to share with you.

GROUP INTRODUCTION

2010-01-03T14:22:00.000-08:00

Assalammualaikum and very good morning to all of you. Before I start my group discussion about drugs, let's me introduce myself. My name is Siti Zaharah binti Ramli, 22 years old, second years student from Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities and I'm come from Sarawak. I'm taking Communication and Information Management Studies that tell me about many things including public relation, advertising and so on.

Assalammualaikum and good morning everyone....My name is Nur Faridah Binti A.Zabil. I'm 20 years old. I am from Kota Tinggi Johor. I'm studying at National University of Malaysia, taking Development Sciences in Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, first year student. I enjoy mylife at UKM...I hope u too....see u again...

Assalamualaikum. How are you today? I want to introduce myself. My name is Shahrul Shafique Bin Hamidon. I am 21 years old, first years student from Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities. I'm from Kota Tinggi, Johor. My hobbies are online internet, playing football and badminton. My ambition is to be a bussinesman not only in Malaysia but of course in the world, InsyaAllah.

Assalamualaikum and hai....Do you want to know me? Let's join me!!!My name is Sharmaizura binti Mohmmad Jari.I was born on January 21 1989. Now, i’m 20 years old. I’m from Kelantan and decided to further my studies at UKM. I'm taking development sciences and I'm first year student. So let proceed to my hobbies.., my hobbies are watching television and reading anything that can increase my knowledge for instance magazines, novels, or news paper. When I’m bored, I will fill up my days by reading all those stuff and at the same time I can learn something new that I dont even know before. Besides that, I'd love to lend a hand when my mom busy preparing dishes for my family . I have alot of thing to share with all of you but its for me to know for you to find out.. That's all about me....see you again....

WHAT IS DRUGS??

2009-12-29T00:38:00.000-08:00

A drug, broadly speaking, is any substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal bodily function. There is no single, precise definition, as there are different meanings in drug control law, government regulations, medicine, and colloquial usage.In pharmacology, a drug is "a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being."

Drugs may be prescribed for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders.Recreational drugs are chemical substances that affect the central nervous system, such as opioids or hallucinogens. They may be used for perceived beneficial effects on perception, consciousness, personality, and behavior. Some drugs can cause addiction and habituation.

Drugs are usually distinguished from endogenous biochemicals by being introduced from outside the organism.[citation needed] For example, insulin is a hormone that is synthesized in the body; it is called a hormone when it is synthesized by the pancreas inside the body, but if it is introduced into the body from outside, it is called a drug.

Many natural substances such as beers, wines, and some mushrooms, blur the line between food and drugs, as when ingested they affect the functioning of both mind and body.

Reference : Wikipedia

What is Drug Addiction?

According to the latest evidence from human and animal studies (yes, even animals can become addicted to drugs), addiction is a chronic disease, just like diabetes or hypertension.

As in other chronic diseases, it too occurs in vulnerable individuals who have been exposed to risks of getting the disease. In diabetes, individuals who are overweight, don’t exercise and have family members with diabetes are more likely to contract it. In addiction, those who abuse addictive substances have a high likelihood of becoming addicted to them.

What surprises laypeople and medical personnel alike is the lack of insight addicts have into their own behaviour. They are in a constant state of denial of how miserable addiction is making their life.

Refrence : Malaysian Psychiatric Association